Oil burner



A. H. ADCOX.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 31, 1921.

1,4293 1 5. Patented ept- 19, 1922.

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flZberiEddcav Patented Sept. 19, 1922.

UNETED STATES means PATENT car es.

ALBERT I-I. ADCOX, OF KANSAS CITY, KANSAS.

, OIL BURNER,

Application filed October 31, 1921. Serial No. 511,575.

burners and has'for one of its objects to produce a burner of thischaracter which is efficient in operation, compact and easy to installwithout dismantling or in any way injuring a stove or the like.

Another object is to produce a burner of this character which isequipped with a new and improved type of flame spreader which is highlyefficient in spreading the flame over a large area.

A still further object is to produce a generator surrounding the jetorifice on three sides and thus lead to a more certain generation ofgas.

A still further object is to produce an oil burner of simple, durable,efficient and inexpensive construction; and in order that it may befully understood, reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing, inwhich:

Figure 1 is a side view of a burner embodying the invention as it willappear when ready for operation within a stove or the like, the latterbeing broken away to clearly indicate the positions of the parts.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the burner and its connections.

Figure 3 is a section on the line III-J11 of Figure 1.

Figure 4: is a section taken on the line IVIV of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a section on the line VV of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a side view of amodilied form of burner as it will appearwhen in operative position within a stove.

In the'said drawing, where like reference characters identifycorresponding parts in all of the Figures, 1 represents the grate of astove or the like, 2 the front wall thereof, 3 the fire box door, and 4the ash pit opening which, it will be understood is shownconvenientionally but in practice may be of any common or preferred typeor construction' The burner consists of a hollow rectangular shapedgenerator 5 providing a fuel -receiving and gas generating chamber 6although it will be understood that the generator may be round, square,oval or of any suitable shape. Communicating with the generator throughthe bottom thereof is a fuel supply pipe 7. A pair of screw plugs 8 areshown in the drawing to close a pair of openings in the side walls ofthe generator, formed during the process of casting, although it will beapparent that these plugs form no part of the invention and that othermethods of manufacturing the generatormay beadopted if found desirable.

Communicating through one side wall of the generator with the interiorchamber at its upper end is a short length of pipe 9 which, through ashort pipe section 10 and a pair of elbows 11' communicating with ashort pipe section 12 closed at its end by a cap 13 and formed with ajet orifice 14 substantially in the vertical axis of the generator forthe discharge of gas and, under certain conditions, of oil, as willhereinafter appear. l

At the upper end'of the hollow rectangu-' lar portion of the generator.thefwalls thereof are pressed inwardly as at 15 in order to form a ledgeor shelf for the supportof a deflector plate 15 formed with a pair ofdownwardly depending substantially V- shaped flame Spreaders 16 of thesame width as the generator. In this connection it is desirable to notevthat this type of deflector has been found to give the greatestsatisfaction and to be highly eflicient in shooting the flame outangularly and distributing it widely within the fire box for the betterand quicker radiation of its heat. These deflectors also protect thesidewalls of the generator from excessive heat to prevent the formationof carbon within thegenerating chamber. It will be noted also that thespreader plate 15 does not'closely abutthe top of the generator and thusprotects this portion of the generator from interior carbonization.

.A shallow pan or'receptacle 17 is adapted to rest on the lower arm ofthe hollow rectang ular portion of the generator and be held reliably inposition by two pairs of ears 18, embracing the generator at oppositesides of each upright vertical arm thereof,

as illustrated. It will be evident that with 1 this construction, thepan may be readily removed for cleaning by slightly tilting the same,and that in practice it is desirable to place a few ashes or the like insaid receptacle to absorb and retain the liquid fuel which is permittedto drop therein from the jet orifice in the starting of the burner, asis hereinbelow set forth.

The fuel inlet pipe 7 leads downwardly through the grate and preferablyout through the ash pit door or other opening 41 and communicates with athree-way elbow 19 having one of its legs in communication with a draincook 20, the other leg of the elbow being in communication with a fuelsupply pipe controlled by a hand valve 21 of any suitable or preferredcharacter, which for convenience of illustration and operation of thedevice, is illustrated as dialequipped so that the relative amount offuel flowing to the burner may at all times be determined.

The device, as illustrated, in Figure 6, consists of a generator 22consisting of a tubular or oval pipe sect-ion resting on the grate 1 andin communication with an oil feed pipe 23. Communicating with the upperend of generator 22 is a pipe 24 which by means of a pair of elbows 26and a short length of pipe 25 communicates with a short pipe section 27,closed at its end by a cap 28 and formed with a jet orifice 29, asillustrated. In order to provide a convenient flame spreader, one end ofpipe 25 is externally threaded as at 30, and screwed on said threads isa plate 31 of such size as to efficiently spread the flame in alldirections and cause a certain portion thereof to play on the walls ofthe generator to vaporize the liquid fuel, as will be readilyunderstood. A pan 32 for starting the generation of gas will preferablyrest directly on the grate.

The operation of the burner is, as follows: The valve 21 is opened andliquid fuel under pressure or gravity is permitted to flow into thegenerator until the generator is filled and a small quantity of oil hasrun out of the jet orifice into the pan 1?. The

' flow of oil is then stopped by means of the valve 21 and the oilstanding in the pan 17 is ignited. The heat of this burning oil will besufficient to start .the generation of gas within the pipe 12 andgenerator, and as soon as gas has been generated and commences to burnat the jet orifice, the valve 21 is reopened to permit ofthe continuoussupply of fuel to the burner so that its operation shall beuninterrupted. It has been found that in actual operation the liquidfuel will stand at about the dotted line in Figure 3, the rest of thespace above such point being filled with gas. The gas flame rising fromthe jet orifice will impinge directly on the spreader 15 and part of itwill then be deflected outwardly by impingement on the V- shapeddeflectors 16 and spread over a large area, as will be readilyunderstood.

The operation of the type shown in Fig ure 6 is substantially the same,that is, the flame is caused to spread horizontally over a large area bycontact with the spreader 31 and impinges on the generator and pipe 25and thus maintains the same at a vaporizing temperature.

From the above description it will be apparent that I have produced adevice of the character described, which possesses all of the featuresof advantage set forth as desirable, and while I have described andclaimed the preferred embodiment of the same, I reserve the right tomake all changes properly falling within the spirit and scope of theappended claims.

I claim 1. In an oil burner, the combination with a generator, of aflame spreader detachably mounted at the upper end of said generator, apair of V-shaped deflectors underlying said spreader, and a dischargepipe having a jet orifice in substantial vertical alinement with theaxis of said flame spreader.

2. In an oil burner, the combination with a generator, of a flamespreader detachably mounted at the upper end of said generator, a pairof V-shaped deflectors depending therefrom, a discharge pipe having ajet orifice in substantial vertical alinement with the axis of saidflame spreader, and a starting pan detachably supported in the lower endof said generator opening below said discharge pipe.

3. In an oil burner, the combination with a generator formed with anopening having its walls near the upper end of said opening bowedinwardly to form a pair of ledges, a detachable flame spreader supportedby said ledges, and a discharge pipe having a jet orifice in substantialvertical alinement with the axis of said flame spreader.

4. I11 an 9il burner, the combination with a generator formed with anopening having its walls near the upper end of said opening bowedinwardly to form a pair of ledges, a detachable flame spreader supportedby said ledges, a pair of downwardly depending V- shaped deflectorsformed on saidspreader, and a discharge pipe having a jet orifice insubstantial vertical alinement with the axis of said flame spreader.

In witness whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

ALBERT n. Anoox.

